上海市普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析

李美莺; 李俊雄; 章丽洁; 陈燕君; 万光升; 金彩凤; 戴莉

文章摘要

李美莺，李俊雄，章丽洁，陈燕君，万光升，金彩凤，戴莉.上海市普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析[J].实用中西医结合临床,2020,20(9):1-4

上海市普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on the Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules among Teachers in Putuo District of Shanghai and the Analysis of Influencing Factors*

DOI：

中文关键词: 甲状腺结节上海市普陀区在职教师体检危险因素

英文关键词: Thyroid nodule Teachers in-service in Putuo district of Shanghai city Physical examination Risk factors

基金项目:上海市普陀区中心医院培英人才项目（编号：2017211B）

作者	单位
李美莺，李俊雄，章丽洁，陈燕君，万光升，金彩凤，戴莉	上海中医药大学附属普陀医院；上海市普陀区中心医院

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中文摘要:

目的：调查上海市普陀区在职教师体检人群中甲状腺结节检出状况，并分析导致结节产生的可能影响因素。方法：采用横断面研究方法，选取2018年1~12月在体检站进行体检的普陀区在职教师1 755人次进行甲状腺超声和血生化检查，同时收集其工作岗位、精神压力、睡眠情况等信息。结果：普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节患病率为68.60%（1 204/1 755），结节大小在2 mm×1 mm~43 mm×38 mm，多发854例（占70.93%）明显多于单发350例（占29.07%），其中双叶结节、实性结节较为多见。女性患病率为79.14%（751/949），明显高于男性患病率56.20%（453/806）（?字2＝106.415，P＜0.001）。甲状腺结节患病率随年龄的增长而升高，≥51岁人群患病率最高，为77.78%（?字2＝145.620，P＜0.001），不同性别患病率均随年龄增长而升高（P＜0.001），所有年龄段中女性患病率均高于男性，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同岗位间患病率相比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示：性别（OR＝2.836，95%CI：2.149~3.743）、年龄（OR＝1.736，95%CI：1.500~2.008）、岗位（OR＝1.945，95%CI：1.722~2.196）、血糖（OR＝3.369，95%CI：1.822~6.229）、精神压力（OR＝9.884，95%CI：6.289~15.532）、血脂（OR＝9.121，95%CI：4.897~16.988）、睡眠情况（OR＝9.513，95%CI：6.322~14.313）是甲状腺结节患病的危险因素。结论：上海市普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节患病率较高，女性患病率高于男性，性别、年龄、岗位、血糖、精神压力、血脂、睡眠情况等是甲状腺结节患病的危险因素。倡导教师在工作中合理安排工作，树立健康管理观念，提高健康管理水平。

英文摘要:

Objective: Investigation on the prevalence of thyroid nodule in physical examination population of teachers in-service in Putuo District of Shanghai city and the possible influencing factors was analyzed. Methods: Method of cross-sectional study was used, from January 2018 to December 2018, 1 755 person times of teachers in-service in Putuo district who had physical examination in the physical examination station were selected for thyroid ultrasound and blood biochemical examination, and their work position, mental pressure, sleep and other information were collected. Results: The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules of the teachers in-service in Putuo district was 68.60% (1 204/1 755), the size of nodules ranged from 2 mm×1 mm to 43 mm×38 mm, and 854 cases (70.93%) with multiple nodules were significantly more than 350 cases (29.07%) with single nodules, among which double leaf nodules and solid nodules were more common. The prevalence was 79.14% (751/949) in females, which was significantly higher than 56.20% (453/806) in males (?字2=106.415, P＜0.001). The prevalence of thyroid nodule increased with the increase of age. The highest prevalence was found in people ≥51 years old, which was 77.78%(?字2=145.620, P＜0.001). The prevalence of different genders increased with age (P＜0.001), the prevalence of women in all age groups was higher than that of men, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence among different posts (P＞0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that: gender (OR=2.836, 95%CI: 2.149~3.743), age (OR=1.736, 95%CI: 1.500~2.008), post (OR=1.945, 95%CI: 1.722~2.196), blood glucose (OR=3.369, 95%CI: 1.822~6.229), mental pressure (OR=9.884, 95%CI: 6.289~15.532), blood lipid (OR=9.121, 95%CI: 4.897~16.988), sleep quality (OR= 9.513, 95%CI: 6.322~14.313) were the risk factors of thyroid nodule. Conclusion: The prevalence of thyroid nodule of teachers in-service in Putuo district of Shanghai is high, the occurrence in woman is higher than that in men. Gender, age, post, blood sugar, mental pressure, blood lipid, sleep quality and so on are the risk factors of thyroid nodule. Work should be arranged reasonably, the concept of health management should be setted up and the level of health management should be improved in teachers.

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